dig.ps1: dig-artiger DNS-Lookup fuer PowerShell
Skript und README hinzugefuegt. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
maierch
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<#
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.SYNOPSIS
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dig-artiger DNS-Lookup fuer Windows PowerShell, basierend auf Resolve-DnsName.
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.DESCRIPTION
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Bildet die wichtigsten dig-Aufrufe nach, damit sich unter Windows die gleiche
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Syntax wie mit dig unter Linux verwenden laesst. Argumente koennen wie bei dig
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in beliebiger Reihenfolge stehen.
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.PARAMETER Args
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Freie dig-artige Argumente:
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name abzufragender Name (z.B. example.com)
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type Record-Typ (A, AAAA, MX, TXT, NS, CNAME, SOA, SRV, PTR, ...)
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@server zu verwendender DNS-Server (z.B. @8.8.8.8)
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-x <ip> Reverse-Lookup (PTR) fuer eine IPv4-/IPv6-Adresse
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+short nur die reinen Antwortwerte ausgeben
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.EXAMPLE
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.\dig.ps1 example.com
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.\dig.ps1 MX example.com
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.\dig.ps1 example.com MX @1.1.1.1
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.\dig.ps1 -x 8.8.8.8
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.\dig.ps1 AAAA example.com +short
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#>
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# Alle Argumente einsammeln (bewusst als freies Array, dig-Stil).
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$rest = $args
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$name = $null
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$type = $null
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$server = $null
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$short = $false
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$reverse = $false
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# Bekannte DNS-Record-Typen, die Resolve-DnsName unterstuetzt.
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$knownTypes = @(
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'A','AAAA','A_AAAA','CNAME','MX','NS','PTR','SOA','SRV','TXT',
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'CAA','DNSKEY','DS','NAPTR','NSEC','NSEC3','RRSIG','ANY','ALL'
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)
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# Argumente parsen (Reihenfolge egal).
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for ($i = 0; $i -lt $rest.Count; $i++) {
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$arg = [string]$rest[$i]
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if ($arg -eq '-x') {
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$reverse = $true
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# naechstes Argument ist die IP-Adresse
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if ($i + 1 -lt $rest.Count) {
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$name = [string]$rest[$i + 1]
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$i++
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}
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continue
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}
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if ($arg.StartsWith('@')) {
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$server = $arg.Substring(1)
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continue
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}
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if ($arg -eq '+short') {
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$short = $true
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continue
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}
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if ($arg.StartsWith('+')) {
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# weitere +optionen aktuell ignorieren
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continue
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}
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if ($knownTypes -contains $arg.ToUpper()) {
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$type = $arg.ToUpper()
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continue
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}
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# alles andere ist der Name
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if (-not $name) {
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$name = $arg
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}
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}
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if (-not $name) {
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Write-Host "Verwendung: dig.ps1 [type] name [@server] [+short] | dig.ps1 -x <ip> [+short]"
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exit 1
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}
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# Reverse-Lookup: IP in .in-addr.arpa / .ip6.arpa umwandeln.
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function ConvertTo-PtrName([string]$ip) {
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$parsed = $null
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if (-not [System.Net.IPAddress]::TryParse($ip, [ref]$parsed)) {
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return $ip # kein gueltiges IP-Literal, unveraendert zurueck
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}
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if ($parsed.AddressFamily -eq 'InterNetwork') {
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# IPv4: Oktette umdrehen
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$octets = $ip.Split('.')
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[array]::Reverse($octets)
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return ($octets -join '.') + '.in-addr.arpa'
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}
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else {
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# IPv6: vollstaendige Nibble-Darstellung, umgedreht
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$bytes = $parsed.GetAddressBytes()
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$nibbles = foreach ($b in $bytes) {
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'{0:x2}' -f $b
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}
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$hex = ($nibbles -join '')
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$chars = $hex.ToCharArray()
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[array]::Reverse($chars)
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return (($chars -join '.') + '.ip6.arpa')
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}
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}
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if ($reverse) {
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$name = ConvertTo-PtrName $name
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$type = 'PTR'
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}
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if (-not $type) {
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$type = 'A'
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}
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# Resolve-DnsName-Parameter zusammenbauen.
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$params = @{
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Name = $name
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Type = $type
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ErrorAction = 'Stop'
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}
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if ($server) {
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$params['Server'] = $server
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}
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try {
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$records = Resolve-DnsName @params
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}
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catch {
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Write-Host ";; Fehler bei der Aufloesung von '$name' ($type): $($_.Exception.Message)"
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exit 1
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}
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# Nur echte Antwort-Records (keine Query-Hinweiszeilen).
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$answers = $records | Where-Object { $_.Section -ne 'Question' }
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# Wert eines Records typgerecht als String formatieren.
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function Get-RecordData($r) {
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switch -Wildcard ($r.Type) {
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'A' { return $r.IPAddress }
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'AAAA' { return $r.IPAddress }
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'CNAME' { return $r.NameHost }
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'NS' { return $r.NameHost }
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'PTR' { return $r.NameHost }
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'MX' { return "$($r.Preference) $($r.NameExchange)" }
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'SOA' { return "$($r.PrimaryServer) $($r.NameAdministrator) $($r.SerialNumber) $($r.TimeToZoneRefresh) $($r.TimeToZoneFailureRetry) $($r.TimeToExpiration) $($r.DefaultTTL)" }
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'SRV' { return "$($r.Priority) $($r.Weight) $($r.Port) $($r.NameTarget)" }
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'TXT' { return '"' + ($r.Strings -join '" "') + '"' }
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'CAA' { return "$($r.Flags) $($r.Tag) `"$($r.Value)`"" }
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default {
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# Fallback: sinnvolles Feld suchen
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foreach ($p in 'NameHost','IPAddress','NameTarget','Strings') {
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if ($r.PSObject.Properties[$p] -and $r.$p) {
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return ($r.$p -join ' ')
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}
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}
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return ($r | Out-String).Trim()
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}
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}
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}
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if ($short) {
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# +short: nur die Werte, eine pro Zeile.
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foreach ($r in $answers) {
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Get-RecordData $r
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}
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exit 0
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}
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# dig-artige Ausgabe.
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$srvText = if ($server) { $server } else { '(System-Resolver)' }
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Write-Host ""
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Write-Host "; <<>> dig.ps1 <<>> $name $type" -ForegroundColor DarkGray
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Write-Host ";; Server: $srvText"
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Write-Host ""
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Write-Host ";; QUESTION SECTION:"
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Write-Host (";{0}`t`tIN`t{1}" -f $name, $type)
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Write-Host ""
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if ($answers) {
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Write-Host ";; ANSWER SECTION:"
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foreach ($r in $answers) {
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$ttl = if ($r.PSObject.Properties['TTL']) { $r.TTL } else { 0 }
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$data = Get-RecordData $r
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Write-Host ("{0}`t{1}`tIN`t{2}`t{3}" -f $r.Name, $ttl, $r.Type, $data)
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}
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Write-Host ""
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}
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else {
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Write-Host ";; keine Antworten (ANSWER SECTION leer)"
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Write-Host ""
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}
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